Sui Dynasty
Wendi is the first emperor of the Sui dynasty.
Sui Dynasty
581-618
"East Asia." Mr. Barton World History Period 6. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://lbdnytuybartonapwhistp6.weebly.com/east-asia.html>.
They rebuilding the Great wall, thousands of people died of overworked. Finally, there is an revolted about overworked and overtaxed, in 618 a member of the imperial court assassinated the second Sui emperor.
They build the Grand Canal connected the Huang He and the Chang jiang. It’s provided trade between the northern cities and the southern rice-producing region of the Chang delta.
"UNIFICATION & STABILITY." China Mike RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.china-mike.com/chinese-history-timeline/part-6-sui-tang-dynasty/>.
"UNIFICATION & STABILITY." China Mike RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.china-mike.com/chinese-history-timeline/part-6-sui-tang-dynasty/>.
618-907
Tang Dynasty
Tang Taizong is the Tang emperor who began these strong foundation for the great achievements build by Sui Dynasty. Taizong’s armies reconquered the northern and western lands that China had lost since the decline of the Han dynasty.
Empress Wu(Wu Zhao) when she at the age of 13, arrived at the court of Tang Taizong become one of the emperor’s wives, after Taizong death she became a favored wife of his son and successor. She held the real power, while weak emperors sat on the throne. In 690, she is the only woman to assumed the title of emperor for herself. she took the throne herself at age 65.
The Tang ruler restore China’s cast bureaucracy, they did the civil service examination system which begun by the Han Dynasty. If the candidates passed the tough exams he can be part of an elite group of scholar-officials. The exam were open to all men, even commoners. The men with political connections could get high position without exam. The benefit of this system is created a remarkably intelligent and capable governing class in China also the moderately wealthy families shared in China’s government. Tang imperial armies guarded the great Silk Roads, which linked China to the West.
Decline: Tang rulers imposed crushing taxes in the mid-700s. These gave to people hardship but failed to cover costs of military expansion and new building programs. In 751, the Muslim armies breakdown the Chinese at the Battle of Talas. So the central of Asis passed out the control of China and into foreign hands. After, the border attacks and internal rebellions steadily chipped away at the power of the imperial government . Finally, Chinese rebels sacked and burned the Tang capital at Ch’ang-an and murdered the last Tang emperor,a child.
"The Empress of China, La Nueva Serie Que Muestra El Esplendor De Una Dinastía." Viste La Calle. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.vistelacalle.com/132021/the-empress-of-china-la-nueva-serie-que-muestra-el-esplendor-de-una-dinastia/>.
"Tang Taizong." Medievalhistoryfacebook -. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <https://medievalhistoryfacebook.wikispaces.com/Tang+Taizong>.
"2000 Years of Examinations in China." The Imperial Chinese Examination System. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.chinasage.info/examinations.htm>.
"Huang Chao Rebellion - Leading to the Downfall of Tang Dynasty - CHINA CULTURE." Huang Chao Rebellion - Leading to the Downfall of Tang Dynasty - CHINA CULTURE. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.zg-wh.com/2014/10/huang-chao-rebellion-leading-to.html>.
China
Song Dynasty
960-1279
In 960, there is an able general appear whose named Taizu. He reunited China and be the first Song emperor.
Song ruled a small empire, remained stable, powerful, and prosperous. Song armies never regained the western lands lost after 751, they triey to buy peace from their northern enemies, they paid with silver,silk and tea by years. In the early 1100s, there are Manchurian people called Jurchen conquered northern China and established their Jin Empire. After 1127, Song only have southern China.
"The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History." The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/>.
"___ Chinese Dynasties." Chinese Dynasties. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/Chinese_Customs/Chinese_Dynasties.htm>.
They moved capital to Hangzhou, a coastal city south of the Chang Jiang, it’s became the advantage for Song. They develop become the economic heartland of China. Merchants also growth rich which they are trade with Chinese in the north, nomads of Central Asia, and people of western Asia and Europe.Finally, Song were conquered by Mongols.
Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Song_dynasty>.
"The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History." The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/out/rivals.htm>.
Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Song_dynasty>.
"Tea Fight - An Elegant Showdown." N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar. 2016. <http://traditions.cultural-china.com/en/14Traditions9128.html>.
Prosperity and innovation
What is Movable type?
Movable type is a printer could arrange blocks of individual characters in a frame to make up a page for printing.
"Tang And Song Society Culture - Lessons - TES." Blendspace. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <https://www.tes.com/lessons/vKaXEcV9svNp5g/tang-and-song-society-culture>.
The development of gunpowder led to creation of explosive weapons such as bombs, grenades, small rockets. Also include porcelain, the mechanical clock, paper money, and the use of the magnetic compass for sailing. So can bring up the economic.
"Gunpowder." N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar. 2016. <http://kaleidoscope.cultural-china.com/en/136Kaleidoscope1.html>.
"Song Dynasty Ceramics." , Pottery, Porcelain. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.chinaonlinemuseum.com/ceramics-song.php>.
"The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History." The Song Dynasty in China | Asia Topics in World History. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/tech/experiment.htm>.
Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Song_dynasty>.
The advantage of farming that they improved the cultivation of rice, there are two rice, so can help feed the huge population in the cities.
"Agriculture in the Song Dynasty | Publish with Glogster!" Glogster. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.glogster.com/pebo/agriculture-in-the-song-dynasty/g-6lhdem3mlj79japgo7fpqa0>.
Yuan Dynasty
1279-1368
As China’s new emperor Kublai Khan found a new dynasty called Yuan. Yuan was an important in China history, first, Kublai Khan united China over 300 years, second, opened China for foreigner contact and trade, also Kublai with his successor tolerated Chinese culture and few changes of government system.
"MONGOLIAN ART COLLECTIONS." N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar. 2016. <http://eng.surag.net/index.php/2013/11/>.
Kublai Khan tried twice to extend his rule to Japan, but both time he is not success. The Great Khan sent huge fleets against Japan. First time, The Mongols build, sai and provide provisions for the boats in Korea, but there is a costly task that almost ruined Korea. So the Mongol fleets turned back. Second time, the largest seaborne invasion force in history until World War II, on the following days, the sky darkened and a typhoon swept furiously across the Sea of Japan. So Mongol ships were upended, swamped, and dashed to bits against the rocky shore, despite their sailors’ attempts to escape onto the open sea. The Japanese spoke reverently of the kamikaza, or “divine wind,” that had saved Japan.
MailOnline, Wil Longbottom for. "Divers Find 13th Century Wreck from Kublai Khan's Mongol Invasion Fleet That Was Destroyed by 'divine' Typhoon."Mail Online. Associated Newspapers, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2053656/Divers-13th-century-wreck-Kublai-Kahns-Mongol-invasion-fleet-destroyed-divine-typhoon.html>.
The Mongols kept the Chinese out of high government offices, although they retained as many Chinese officials as possible to serve on the local level. The Mongols believed that foreigners were more trustworthy since they had no local loyalties.
Kublai Khan was an able leader. He restored the Grand Canal and extended it 135 miles north to Beijing. He built a paved highway that ran some 1,100 miles, from Hangzhou to Beijing. These land and water routes ensured the north a steady supply of grain and other goods from the southern heartland.
Traders transported Chinese silk and porcelain, which were greatly valued in Europe and western Asia, they also carried Chinese products and inventions as printing, gunpowder, the compass, paper currency, and playing cards. Kublai encouraged trade by inviting foreign merchants to visit China.
Marco Polo is the most famous European to visit China was a young Venetian trader. He traveled by caravan on the Silk Roads with his father and uncle.
"Marco! (Polo!)." Karla Akins. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016. <http://karlaakins.com/marco-polo/>.
The main reason that decline beacuse conquer too much lands, the rebellions broke out in many parts of China.